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The Productivity Commission is the Australian Government's principal review and advisory body on microeconomic policy, regulation and a range of other social and environmental issues. Its role, expressed simply, is to help governments make better policies in the long-term interest of the Australian community. The Productivity Commission was created as an independent authority by an Act of Parliament in 1998. The Commission operates within the Treasury portfolio and its core function involves responding to references from the Treasurer, which can request a commissioned study or a public inquiry. References will stipulate the length and terms of the project and may cover any sector of the economy; address a particular industry or cut across industry boundaries; and involve wider social or environmental issues. Most projects are specified for nine or twelve month durations, although some may be six or fifteen months. Both studies and inquiries accept submissions from members of the public and involve the public release of a draft and final report, although inquiries are additionally required (under the Act) to undertake formal public consultations. In addition, the Commission has responsibility for assessing the application of safeguard measures under the World Trade Organisation guidelines, acts as the secretariat to the intergovernmental Review of Government Service Provision, and produces regular reports on Overcoming Indigenous Disadvantage and Indigenous Expenditure that contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of government services provided to Indigenous Australians. The Commission can also self-initiate research on industry and productivity issues. Productivity Commission reports often form the basis of government policy. However, the Commission does not administer government programs or exercise executive power and governments are not required to act on its recommendations; although in practice more recommendations have been accepted than rejected. ==History== The Commission traces its lineage back to the Tariff Board, which was established in the 1920s. In January 1974, the Tariff Board became the Industries Assistance Commission and, later, the Industry Commission in 1989. The Productivity Commission was created as an independent authority in April 1998 under the Productivity Commission Act 1998, to replace the Industry Commission, Bureau of Industry Economics and the Economic Planning Advisory Commission. These three bodies which joined to form the new Commission were amalgamated on an administrative basis in 1996. The Commission’s remit has on occasion extended beyond Australia, such as when the Commission worked jointly with the newly formed New Zealand Productivity Commission on a study into Trans-Tasman Economic Relations in 2012. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pc.gov.au/projects/study/australia-new-zealand )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Productivity Commission」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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